Work through example for 2022 Sweden

We use Sweden’s indicators and scores from 2022 to illustrate the application of our process.

First, we apply the ratio-to-best approach, using the leading country as the reference, to the arithmetic mean of the indicator scores within each educational area. This ensures comparability across all three survey waves.

Next, we aggregate the normalized indicator scores using the arithmetic mean to construct the policy and practice dimensions within each area. We then combine these two dimensions using a weighted mean to form the seven educational areas.

Finally, we aggregate the sub-indexes of the seven educational areas to produce the normalized weighted score of the overall EfDI index. This follows the weighting scheme discussed above, where all areas receive equal weight (100%) except for teacher training, the unitary system, and common education, which are weighted differently.

Areas and indicators

1. Curriculum

  • Policy:
    • Formal curriculum requirement = ((1 - 0) ÷ (1)) x 100 = 100
    • Number of topics = ((5 - 0) ÷ (5)) x 100 = 100
    • Number of aims = ((4 - 0) ÷ (4)) x 100 = 100
    • Unified Curricula = ((1 - 0) ÷ (1)) x 100 = 100
    • Curriculum Policy = (100 + 100 + 100 + 100) ÷ 4 = 100
  • Practice:
    • Outside Activities = ((0.56 - 0) ÷ (0.8925)) x 100 = 62
    • Curriculum Practice = 62
  • Curriculum = ((100 x .20) + (62 x .80)) = 70

2. Pedagogy

  • Policy:
    • Curricula Guidelines = ((4 - 0) ÷ (5)) x 100 = 80
    • Learning Objectives = ((3 - 0) ÷ (4)) x 100 = 75
    • Pedagogy Policy = (80 + 75) ÷ 2 = 78
  • Practice:
    • Open classroom activities = ((1.03 – 0) ÷ (1.87)) x 100 = 55
    • Student voting = ((2.62 - 0) ÷ (3)) x 100 = 87
    • Open Discussion = ((1.88 - 0) ÷ (2.15)) x 100 = 87
    • Active Participation = ((0.90 - 0) ÷ (1.08)) x 100 = 83
    • Pedagogy Practice = (55 + 87 + 87 + 83) ÷ 4 = 78
  • Pedagogy = ((77.5 x .20) +(78 x .80)) = 78

3. CE Teacher Training

  • Policy:
    • Mandatory training = ((1 - 0) ÷ (2)) x 100 = 50
    • In-service training = ((1 - 0) ÷ (2)) x 100 = 50
    • Training Policy = (50 + 50) ÷ 2 = 50
  • Training = 50

4. Ethos

  • Policy:
    • Guidelines = ((4 - 0) ÷ (4)) x 100 = 100
    • Ethos Policy = 100
  • Practice:
    • Student Involvement = ((1.71 – 0) ÷ (2.56)) x 100 = 67
    • Teacher Participation = ((1.94 – 0) ÷ (2.44)) x 100 = 80
    • Ethos Practice = (67 + 80) ÷ 2 = 73
  • Ethos = ((100 x .20) + (73 x .80)) = 78

5. Compulsory Education

  • Policy:
    • Years of Compulsory Education = ((10 - 0) ÷ (15)) x 100 = 67
  • Compulsory Education = 67

6. Unitary System

  • Policy:
    • Assessment = ((2 - 0) ÷ (2)) x 100 = 100
    • School Governance = ((1 - 0) ÷ (2)) x 100 = 50
    • Teacher Recruitment = ((1 - 0) ÷ (2)) x 100 = 50
    • Curriculum Implementation = ((1 - 0) ÷ (2)) x 100 = 50
    • Unitary System Policy = (100 + 50 + 50 + 50) ÷ 4 = 63
  • Practice:
    • Centralization of CE Activities = ((0.56 - 0) ÷ (2.14)) x 100 = 26
    • Teacher use of official Curricula = ((2.92 - 0) ÷ (2.92)) x 100 = 100
    • Unitary System Practice = (26 + 100) ÷ 2 = 63
  • Unitary System = ((63 x .20) + (63 x .80)) = 63

7. Common Education

  • Policy:
    • Age of Selection = ((16 - 0) ÷ (16)) x 100 = 100
    • Common Education Policy = 100
  • Practice:
    • No Ability Grouping (%) = ((77.3 - 0) ÷ (86)) x 100 = 90
    • Common Education Practice = 90
  • Common Education = ((100 x .20) + (90 x .80)) = 92

Policy score

((100 x 5) + (78 x 5) + (50 x 1) + (100 x 5) + (67 x 5) + (62 x 2.5) + (100 x 2.5)) ÷ 30 = 79

Practice score

((63 x 5) + (78 x 5) + (73 x 5) + (63 x 2.5) + (90 x 2.5)) ÷ 20 = 73

2022 Sweden’s EfDI score

((79 x 0.20) + (73 x 0.80)) = 74